Die Grundprinzipien der kratom
Die Grundprinzipien der kratom
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When ingested, mitragynine breaks down into another chemical called 7-hydroxymitragynine, which also influences the body and is an important subject of research.22 Learn more: How do kratom compounds work rein the brain?
Kratom is well-known to Beryllium addictive, as found with traditional use by natives over many years hinein Southeast Asian countries.
To be diagnosed with a substance use disorder, a person must meet specific diagnostic criteria for continued, compulsive substance use despite negative consequences. The
U.S. and international agencies have expressed concern that kratom products may cause serious harm.1 There are no uses for kratom approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the FDA has warned consumers not to use kratom products because of potential adverse effects.
NIDA conducts and supports research to better understand the jedwederlei reasons people use kratom.3 Kratom has been used hinein its native Southeast Asia for centuries to produce opioid- and stimulant-like effects, including increased energy and relaxation.18 (See How does kratom affect the body?)
Seizures have been reported when kratom welches combined with modafinil rein at least one case report. The DEA has also reported seizure adverse events with recreational kratom use.
Very little research is available on kratom use before, during and after pregnancy. A 2021 report suggests that many cases of kratom use during pregnancy likely also involve the use of other substances, and the effects of kratom alone on pregnancy are difficult to determine without further research.
Kratom products hinein the U.S. are commonly used rein doses ranging from 2–6 g of dried leaf qua dose, and doses exceeding 8 g are relatively uncommon.[47] Given that kratom products may vary greatly hinein potency, there is no standard dosing Struktur. At relatively low doses (1–5 g of raw leaves), at which there are mostly stimulant effects, side effects include contracted pupils and blushing; adverse effects related to stimulation include anxiety and agitation, and here opioid-related effects like itching, nausea, loss of appetite, and increased urination begin to appear.
hinein response to reports of increases in kratom exposures hinein the United States6 and emerging questions about kratom and its health effects, NIDA is supporting research on kratom’s use, effects, mechanisms and therapeutic potential.
Some research suggests that mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine may not cause some of the more serious adverse effects associated with opioid use—such as respiratory depression (Sorge breathing)—that can occur during a life-threatening opioid overdose.
Kratom products may contain harmful contaminants. There are no uses for kratom approved by the FDA, and kratom products have been found to contain contaminants that produce effects not associated with kratom or kratom compounds alone, including heavy metals and harmful bacteria.
): The evolution of an enhancer from a traditional use to increase work and productivity hinein southeast Asia to a recreational psychoactive drug rein western countries.
hinein one district, 21 of 39 villages reported the presence of 4x100 users hinein their community. Compared to traditional use, 4x100 users are subject to some measure of community discrimination, though community perceptions are far milder than for yaba or heroin users. ^
Mitragynine is classified as a kappa-opioid receptor agonist and is roughly 13 times more potent than morphine. Mitragynine is thought to be responsible for the opioid-like effects.
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